cortical regions  (The Virtual Brain)

Journal: Biology of Sex Differences

Article Title: Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the murine skeleton

doi: 10.1186/s13293-024-00626-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: PAE has a detrimental effect on the trabecular microarchitecture in male mice. µCT analysis of the tibial ( A ) tissue volume, ( B ) bone volume, ( C ) bone volume to tissue volume ratio (BV/TV), ( D ) bone surface, ( E ) intersection surface, ( F ) trabecular number (Tb.N), ( G ) fractal dimension, ( H ) connectivity density (Conn.Dn) and ( I ) trabecular pattern factor (Tb.Pf) in male and female PAE and control mice. ( J ) Representative 3D-reconstructed images of the trabecular region in control and PAE mice. Data are presented as mean ± SEM with points showing individual animals. *= p < 0.05, ***= p < 0.001, ****= p < 0.0001

Article Snippet: 3D images for cortical and trabecular regions were created using Avizo software (ThermoFisher Scientific).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Biology of Sex Differences

Article Title: Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the murine skeleton

doi: 10.1186/s13293-024-00626-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Juvenile mice do not display the altered skeletal phenotype that are observed in skeletally mature mice. µCT analysis of the trabecular compartment, including ( A ) tissue volume, ( B ) bone volume, ( C ) bone volume to tissue volume ratio (BV/TV), ( D ) bone surface, and ( E ) trabecular number (Tb.N), ( F ) trabecular pattern factor (Tb.Pf), ( G ) fractal dimension, and ( H ) connectivity density (Conn.Dn) in control and PAE males and females. Data are presented as mean ± SEM with points showing individual animals. *= p < 0.05, ***= p < 0.001, ****= p < 0.0001. Measurement and statistical analysis heat map for ( I ) tissue area (T. Ar), ( J ) tissue perimeter (T.Pm), ( K ) Bone area (B.Ar), ( L ) resistance to torsion (J), ( M ) maximum second moments of inertia (I max ) and ( N ) minimum second moments of inertia (I min ) in male and female PAE and control mice. Line graphs represent mean ± SEM for male control (black), male PAE (orange), female control (green) and female PAE (blue) mice. Graphical heat map summarises statistical differences at specific matched locations along the tibial length (10–90%) for the PAE effect in females (Ctl-PAE F) and males (Ctl-PAE M), and the sex effect in control (F-M Ctl) and PAE (F-M PAE) groups. Red = p < 0.001, green = p < 0.01, yellow = p < 0.05, blue = p > 0.05 (not significant)

Article Snippet: 3D images for cortical and trabecular regions were created using Avizo software (ThermoFisher Scientific).

Techniques: Control

Journal: Biology of Sex Differences

Article Title: Sexually dimorphic effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on the murine skeleton

doi: 10.1186/s13293-024-00626-y

Figure Lengend Snippet: Sexually dimorphic effects of PAE on the skeleton. PAE osteoblasts from males and females produce less bone nodules than normal cells yet gene expression is differentially affected. This has lasting effects on the skeleton as PAE in 12-week-old male mice detrimentally alters the trabecular and cortical regions of the bone, bone mechanical properties and the growth plate. However, PAE female mice are protected in the growth plate and trabecular regions, but show detrimental effects only in the distal region of the tibia and at the tibiofibular junction

Article Snippet: 3D images for cortical and trabecular regions were created using Avizo software (ThermoFisher Scientific).

Techniques: Gene Expression